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A CAVEAT For the PROTESTANT CLERGY.
Or, A TRUE ACCOUNT of the Sufferings of the ENGLISH CLERGY upon the Reſtitution of POPERY in the days of QUEEN MARY.
Virgilio Malvezzi in his Tarquin.
The calamity of others may be a Leſſon to you: 'tis true, the good which is learned by what befalls ones ſelf, is counterpoiſed by diſaſters: he knows much, to whom much hath befallen; But who can learn by another mans harm; Say he be leſs wiſe, he is for certain more fortu
Printed Anno Dom. 1671.
Perſon of Quality, whoſe Learning and Prudence are ſuch, that, but to know him, and that He recommended it to the Preſs, were enough to endear it to the peruſal of any Man. But neither have I power to diſAuthor deſire the World ſhould know what he thinks upon, or writes to his friends: He is confithis Age is ſo ſupinely negligent, and ignorant, that all this will paſs for a Midſomer Dream, or ſome old fooliſh ſtory, in the knowledge whereof this Generation is not concerned. But yet it is moſt certain, that they who are acquainted with the proPapiſts in Auſtria, Bohemia, or France, will think what He writes to be probable. They who exall to be exactly true: And they who by comparing paſt
and preſent times, take a procondition of our Affairs, will think the Pubto be neceſſary: Howcautilous; and many ejealous heads are perplexed at now in England: The Reading hereof will not take up much of that time which is now the leaſt valued thing in this Naevil effect, if the conſideration hereof bring into any one's mind that Petition in the
Lead us not into Temptation, but deliver us from evil, with which I conclude.
ſilence to be a relinquiſhing of that Friendſhip which I have vowed unto You, I again renew that CorreCeremony and Complement, I ſhall here repreſent unto you an Account of the Condition of the Clergy under that revoMary, when Popery was re-eſtabliſhed. It is well known how that Queen was proCrown by the ſole aid and aſſiſtance of the Proteſtants, who flock'd unto her in Suffolk, and offered to haJane, who was proclaimed Queen, and abetted by the Nobility. 'Tis known that She proProteſtants, that She would make no alteration in the eſtabliſhed Religion: and this She did ſo Solemnly avow, that none misdoubted her Reality. But after She was once adThrone, and had poſſeſRegal Power, She viPromiſes, and being put in mind thereof, anſwered, Foraſmuch as you being but Members deſire to rule your Head,
you ſhall one day percieve that Members muſt obey their Head, and not look to bear rule over the ſame. And to terrify others from importuning her with ſollicitations of that nature, a cerDob, dwelling about Windam ſide, for the ſame cauſe, that is, for advertiſing her by humble requeſt of her Promiſe, was puniſhed by being ſet three ſeveral times in the Pillory. At firſt She made alteration in the Church, but aſſumed the Practice of her Religion, as ſhe allowed unto others the uſe of theirs:
Proclamation, then teat being ſettled in the Throne ſhe could not hide that ReShe had ever profeſs'd from her infancy: which ſhe was minded to obſerve and maintain for her ſelf, during her time: and would be glad the ſame were of all
ſhe doth ſignify unto all her Majeſties loving Subjects, that of her moſt gracious diſpoſition and clecompell any her ſaid Subjects thereunto, until ſuch time as further order by common conſent, may be taken therein. Forbidding nevertheleſs all her SubLaws of the Realm, after their Brains and Fannew-found deviliſh terms of Papiſt and Heretick, or ſuch like, and applying their whole care, ſtudy, and travail to live in the fear of God, exerciſing their Converſations in ſuch a charitable and godly doing, as their Lives may indeed expreſſe that great hunger and thirſt of Gods Glory and Holy Word, which by raſh talk and words many have pretended: and in ſo doing they ſhall beſt pleaſe God, and live without the danger of the Laws,
After this, upon pretence of ſupfactious praying and Libels, She prohibited all univerſally (except in the Univerſities) to preach or teach any Scriptures, or any manner of points of Doctrine concerning Religion, unleſs they have her Majeſties ſpecial Licence for the ſame in writing.
This Proclamation being made, ſhe proceeded to trouble ſuch Miniſters as did oppoſe the Popiſh Doctrines preached by Mr. Bourne: ſeveral were ſummonCouncil, and caſt into Priſon, who had either preached or talked againſt the Queen's proceedings.
Divers Biſhops ſuſpended in the days of her Brother Edward, were reſtored, viz.
Heylin doth call him Biſhop Poinet; I know not why; for he writes his own name Poynett.
Gardiner to Wincheſter, and John Poynec put out; Dr. Bonner to London, and Nicholas Ridley confined; Joh. Day to Chicheſter, and J. Scory excluTorſtal to Durham; Dr. Heath to Worceſter, John Hooper excluded, and committed to the Fleet; Dr. Veſey to Exceſter; and Miles Coverdale caſhier'd. And in the beginning of the Parliament, before any Laws of K. Edward VI. were repealed, Mr. Harley Biſhop of Hereford, was excluded from the
Houſe of Peers for being married; and of thoſe which ſhould adhere to the Laws in being (till they were repealed) ſome were marked, and others preſent
The
Ʋniverſities were ſeverely vip. 1341.John's in Cambridge, 24 places were vacuated; and no leſs miſerable was the ſtate of Oxford, by reaſon of the rigorous and ſtrict dealing of the Viſitors, that to ſet forward their Papiſtical proceedings, had no regard to the ingenious or learned.
Our Records ſhew, that Five Biſhops, and twenty one Divines were put to death in thoſe days: But the particular uſage of the Clergy is not ſo related in any Chronicles I have yet ſeen,Philip, and Q. Mary, and all the Eſtates in Parliament.
Defence of the Married Clergy, whoſe Author I know not; (my Book being imperfect) and becauſe I think it may be ſomewhat new unto you, as it was to me, I deſignſum of it for the Subject of this Letter.
There were twelve or ſixteen thouſand Clergy-men turned out in thoſe days, at one time, and reduced to great poJuſtice
Cure ſerved, the Tenths and Subſidy paid,N.B. In this reLanguage, and even the Orthography oftenpreventions. Some were deprived, and never convict, no never call'd. Some call'd, that were faſt lockt in Priſon, and yet nedeprived immediately. Some deprived without the caſe of Marriage after Orders. Some induced to reſign upon promiſe of Penſion, and the prodeprived, that they were ſpoiled of their wages, for which they had ſerved the laſt half year before, and not ten days before the receipt ſequeſtred from it. Some prevented from the half years reTenths and Subſidy paid; and yet not deprived till ſir weeks after. Nay, they ſtood chargeLaw for their firſt Fruits, notdeprivation. Nor were they only divorced from their Livings: But the Orders of Bonner are exWives within a Fortnight,p. 1334.they might likewiſe be divorced from them
The Queens Articles ſent into every Dioceſs with Letters writ unto the ſeBiſhops, were of the ſame import, though in ſome things betqualifyed, than thoſe that were to put them in execution would have regreat revolutions for the Inſtruments to exceed their Commiſsion; and to comprivate inſtructions or intentions, than the publick Declarations of their Prince. Whatſoever there is of mitigation in them, was not taken notice of, but ſuch rigour practiſed, as I relate. The Articles relating to this Subject were.
That every Biſhop and his Officers,
Dr. and all others having Eccleſiaſtical JurisdictiHeylin's Hiſtory of the Re formation. Ann. Reg. Mar.1. 1553on, proceeding ſummarily, and with all celerity and ſpeed, may, and ſhall deprive, or declare deprived, and remove according to their learning and diſcretion, all ſuch perſons from their Benifices and Eccleſia ſtical Promotions, who contrary to the ſtate of their Order, and the laudible cuſtom of the Church, have married, and uſed Wo men as their Wives, or otherwiſe notably and ſlanderouſly diſordered or abuſed themſelves, Sequeſtring alſo, during the ſaid Proceſs, the Fruits and Profits of the ſaid Beneſices and Eccloſiaſtical promo tions, That the ſaid Biſhop, and other Per
ſons aforeſaid, do uſe more lenity and cle mency with ſuch as have married, whoſe Wives be dead, than with others whoſe Womendo yet remain alive. And likewiſe ſuch Prieſts, as with the conſent of their Wives or Women,openly in the preſence of the Biſhop, do profeſs to abſtain, to be uſed more favourable. In which caſe, after Pennauce effectually done,the Biſhop according to his diſcretion and wiſdom, may upon juſt conſide vation, receive and admit them again to their former adminiſtrations, ſo it be not in the ſame place, appointing them ſuch a portion to live upon, to be paid out of their Benifice, whereof they be deprived, by the diſcretion of the ſaid Biſhop, or his Officer, as he ſhall think may be ſpared of the ſame Benifice. That every Biſhop, and other Perſon aforeſaid, do fore-ſee that they ſuffer not any
ReligiousMan, havingſolentnly profeſſed Chaſtity,,to continue with hisWomanor Wife, but that all ſuch perſons after Deprivation of their Benefice, or Eccleſiaſtical Promotion, be alſo divor ced from his ſaid Woman, and due pun niſhment otherwiſe taken for the Offence therein.
In theſe Articles 'tis to be obſerved, that the Queen ſeems more inclined to call the Wives of the Married Clergy rather Women, than any other name: and matters were ſo ordered, that not only the Regular Clergy, which do vow Chaſtitie, but the Seculars, (who promiſe at their Ordination only caſtitatem colere & docere; which was the old Form, and obligeth them directly no more to refrain Marriage, than to teach others ſo to do,) were divorced from their Wives, and deemed to have made a ſolemn profeſsion of Chaſtitie, according to thoſe Verſes,
The Marryed Clergy were in all places reLewd Fellows; Nay, it came to that paſs immediately, as that they were imunworthy ſort of Men, that they ought not to be ſaid Ave unto in ſalutation: not fit to come to their Tables or Preſence, for diſteining their Holineſs and myſtical vows of Chaſtity. Whereas in truth the Secular Prieſts of the Engliſh Church were never under any ſuch Vow, nor did our Pontifical oblige them to any ſuch thing: as Dr. Redman atteſted in the Convocation-houſe; profeſſing they were not bound by reaſon of any Vow, which (in as far as his Conſcience was the Prieſts in this Church of England do not make. But all Pleas were rejected; it was in vain for
they did nothing but what was warranted by the Laws of the Land, the Convocation, or Scripture, and Fathers: they were condemned for breach of Vows, as if they had been Ordained by Romiſh Poutifical and not that of England. The Popiſh Clergy told them, that upon the repealing of the Laws in being, the old Laws and Canons did ipſo facto take place, and oblige, though there was no expreſs Statute for it, and though the Queens Commiſsion was, that they ſhould proceed according to Learning and Diſcretion in this weighty matter: and that they ſhould not put any other Canons and Conſtitutions of the Church in exerciſe, than ſuch as might ſtand with the Law of the Realm. Yet for all this grave and gracious Advertiſement, divers of the Officials proceeded ſo far aLearning, diſcretion, and Laws of the Realm in moſt places, ſo that the poor Subjects and Oratours were far otherwiſe uſed than one would have imagined, conſidering the truſt committed to them. In truth it appears that all Pleas were invalid againſt the Arbitrary proceedings of thoſe times; and whatever was alledged out of the Laws and Conſtitutions of England, though never ſo old, and made in the times of Popery, (and who is ſafe, if ſuch a defence be invalid:) were deMartin, and others, that no Laws bind againſt the
Church, but are ipſo jure & ipſo facto unlawparticular Church, a little Member of the whole, cannot derogate the univerſal Law of the Church. They proceeded ſo far as to tell Men, that the Acts of K. Edward VI. did not take away the penalty of the Canon Laws: and interpreted that Act of Q. Mary, which barely repealed the Statutes of K. Edward, as it had annulled the Marriages of Prieſts. Nay, though there were a Statute in force then, made triceſimo ſecundo of Henry the Eighth, that no Reſervation or Prohibition (Gods Law except) ſhall trouble or impeach any Marriage, without the ſaid Levitical Degrees: and that all ſuch be lawful perſons to contract, which be not prohibited by Gods Law to marry Yet did they proceed to annull the Marriages; and arPrieſts could take no advantages of the Law, any longer than it continued: and that the ancient Laws of the Church were never extinguiſhed, but only for a time ſhadowed, and brought aſleep. It was further argued by the married Clergy thus: But to return again to Dr. Martins aſſertion, wherein he defineth, that the Church-Canons be ready, watching ſtraightways to fall into mens necks, upon repeal of ſuch Statutes as kept them back: which he doth ſo boldly, that belike the wiſe and well learned Commiſsaries, in diverſe places, without further adviſement, taketh upon them
wonderous ſtoutly, to ſeparate, not only Regubut Seculars too, againſt their wills and conſents. Ʋpon which their doings, I would ask them a queſtion: How they can gloſe the words of K. Henries Statute in the XXVII. year of his Reign, where it is plainly decreed in Law, that all manner of Licenſes, DiſpenCanterbury, in matters not repugAnd I know diverſe married Prieſts, which have ſuch Diſpenſations, ſome corroborated by the Kings Broad Seal, and ſome by the ſaid Arch-Biſhops Seal. I would fain learn, how they underſtand theſe weighty Laws of the Realm. Belike, as they have proceeded in Deprivations of many Men, never called, or cited, never convict, nor confeſſed; and ſome called on one day, and ſlat deprived on the next day, not examining whether he were Secular or Reguor after, without all manner of inquiſition: So belike they deſire to proceed in Separations, againſt both God's Law, and their own. And as for the Laws of the Realm, they make but waſhway of them, ſo little compting of them, that if a Lord ſhould ſee his Tenants in his Court-Baron ſo little regard the by-Laws of his Courts, he would think
them not unworthy, to looſe their Copies.— To this the only anſwer I can find, is, The marriages of the Clergy be ſo great offences, that they cannot be forgiven by no manner of means, no not by Chriſts Blood, but only by a Separation. And Dr. Martin ſaith furthermore, that Biſhops and Prieſts have ſo great deformities and skars yet remaining in their Bodies and Souls, for their old Inceſts, (as he calls them) that they cannot be mitigated by any gentle Medicine, Chriſtian Clemency, no not purged yet, nor ſufficiently puniſhed, with the deprivations of all their Livings, but muſt look for much more yet, Curſes, Excomyea, the Devil, Hell, and all. — And Dr. Martin aſſures the Clergy that they were dealt with very favourably in being turned out of their Miniſtrations, and no further Penalties inflicted on them. 'Tis not to be denyed, but that after they were turned out of their Livings, the Church did mercifully open her lap to receive them into new Benefices and Livings, though they had loſt their old, where they had done coſt. But ſuch was the Churches merciful lap, in receiminiſtration again, that yet firſt they muſt ſpeak their own ſhame in Bills of their Pennance, lyearneſt and hearty repentance of that foul ſin of Unchaſtimarrying, relinquiſh their Wives for the future, and bear ſuch a part in Proceſsion, as Jane Shore doth in the Puppet-Plays, carTapers in their hands: I could wiſh all our Clergy would reſor to Bartholomew Fair, and behold that ſpectacle, and judge of that happy condition into which their ſupinity will precipitate them. Some did undergo it in the days of Q. Mary: and, Surely in ſome places the Churches mercy was ſo ſore extended, that whoſe Wives were two or three years paſt before departed, yet they could not be admitted again to miniſtration, but muſt do open Pennance, and go before the Croſs, without any redemption or intreaty that could be made; and the parties ſuch as by whom the Commiſſaries themſelves could alledge not one point of diſhoneſty, or evil opinion in all their converſation beſides forth. Shall Lay-men hereafter truſt well of the Churches Mercy, if they come within their claws, when the Clergy are thus dealt with? Of whom ſome diſſented in no Point at all from the Papiſts, but only in this fact, which the Law made them bold to adventure on.—Thus, Sir, were thoſe Clergy-men ſerved, who before that fatal change, were in as good and lawWives and Livings, as any Subject ever ſhall have of any thing herepreſent
Clergy to avoid the like inveniencies ſhould ſuch a Revolution happen (from which the greateſt ſecurity we have, as to humane and Political Affairs, is the great Zeal which our Prince continues to ſhew for the Church of England, and that unqueſtionable unſhaken conſtancy with which His Maieſty perſiſted to be a Proteſtant during his Exile) except it be confeſſed that they are not in Orders, and that the Succeſsion did ceaſe in the Election of Matthew Parker to be Arch-biſhop of Canterbury: this is a thing the Papiſts do commonly ſay: and Dr. Champney hath writ a plauſible Book to prove it: and if it be true, that He which makes arbitrarily Biſhops in Greece, of Chalcedon, Corinth, &c. hath orEngland, and Ireland; 'tis eafie to judge what courſes will be taken, ſhould Proteſtancy looſe its Legal force, and power. Perhaps you will ſay that ſuch a revolution would endanger the Layety alſo, and bring the Crown of his Majeſty into Queſtion, whether it be feudatory, or no: 'tis true inPapiſts do now entitle ſome of their Clergy to our old Abbeys and Monaſteries; and in France there is a Nunnery that layes claim to Sion houſe, and they are called the Nuns of Sion. 'Tis moſt true that the Pope doth reckon upon our Kingdom as held in Fee of the Papacy, and to this purpoſe did Bellermine produce unto K. James other ArguDonation of Conſtantine. Buintegrity or prudence of his Majeſty, or our Parliament; 'tis not to be doubted but the intellectuals of States-men are as elivated as their condition is above others, and their proſpect greater into Affairs: what paſſed in the days of Q. Elizabeth, and K. James is not effaced out of our knowledge: and 'tis only the intent of this Letter to acquaint you with the condition of the Proteſtant Clergy in the days of Queen Mary. Dr. Heylin hath not treated ſo fully of this matter as I have here: and I think it would be a ſeaſonable Work to publiſh Dr. Martin's Book about the proceedings againſt the Clergy then; and the Defence of Prieſts Marriage, (which is the Book I follow, and 'tis a learned piece, written by ſome eminent Man, but mine is defective in the beginning, and wants a ſheet in the middle.) Nothing informs us ſo much as Hiſtory, and to be forewarned, is in a manner to be fore-armed. I am